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Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurring skin condition causing painful inflammation, infection, and scarring in areas where skin folds and rubs, such as the armpits and groin. The condition involves blocked hair follicles and inflamed sweat glands, driven by a process similar to autoimmunity, and is not caused by poor hygiene or contagious. HS is nearly three times more common in women, with risk factors including genetics, hormonal changes, smoking, and obesity; people of colour are disproportionately affected and often face diagnostic delays. Symptoms range from hard nodules and abscesses to tunnels under the skin (sinuses) and significant scarring, which can restrict movement and cause discomfort. Treatment options include antibiotics, lifestyle adjustments, surgery for severe cases, and biological therapies, with early diagnosis being crucial to prevent progression due to its frequent misdiagnosis and associated stigma.
